The Federation of localization of major

6th edition of the August 6 this year , the People's Daily published a localization of major equipment Difficulties " Comrade Li Changchun , Politburo Standing Committee , see instructions: " This topic continues to do so , the participation of organizations in all aspects of power discussions with public opinion to promote the development of the equipment industry . Directed by the central leadership , the People's Daily , immediately organized a symposium about the one-month Grid tie inverter, August 11th , the 12th , the 13th launched related to the content of the article . To this end, in the morning of August 13 , the China Machinery Industry Federation, major equipment projects office invited for many years engaged in the spirit of veteran experts of the major equipment and the People's Daily , China Daily , the electromechanical industry magazine journalists discussion how to implement the central leadership instructions with People's Daily, do a good job in the symposium . Meeting many old comrades are combined with past work experience , talked about the achievements of China 's major equipment problems , and how to speed up the development of major equipment industry some good suggestions . We agreed that the central leadership 's instructions power inverter, so we are encouraged by all should cherish the opportunity to carry out the seminar to promote the localization of major equipment in China . http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

The meeting also decided to undertake the task of major equipment by the Federation sent a letter to the concern the recent economic version of the People's Daily , and actively organize articles, participate in discussions .
The meeting was attended by Xue Delin , Cai Wei-Tze , vice president of the Federation meeting spot Fellows , director of the Office of Federation of major equipment Sui Bin main

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Leakage protection test system solutions

Introduction

According to incomplete statistics, China's annual the shock accident caused by leakage, fire, caused thousands of deaths and billions of economic losses, and therefore can prevent electric fire and personal electric shock protection performance of leakage protection higher requirements. Automatic test system of the operating characteristics of the article describes the leakage protection measure residual operating current value of leakage protection, breaking time and the current value of leakage does not move, the main technical parameters to improve the reliability of leakage protection, detection process has higher level of automation can be run online and offline running leakage protection testing,Grid tie inverter.

1 system hardware design

more the

parameters to characterize the leakage protection, which is most closely related to electricity users personal safety relationship residual operating performance, and describe the the residual operating performance of the main parameters for the rated residual operating current (I △ n) and the residual operating time. Rated leakage current leakage protection device under specified conditions specified by the manufacturer must be the action of residual operating current value, which reflects the the leakage leakage protection action sensitivity. Leakage action time means suddenly applied residual operating current from the cut off time until the protection circuit. Malfunction in order to prevent the leakage protection, national standards for the leakage non-operating current (I △ N0), it refers to the leakage protection device must not under the predetermined condition the operation of the leakage current value (priority value 0.5I △ n) is technical parameters of the run must be invested in the electricity grid,power inverter.  http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

 

 

LPC2132 core

system has extended test current generation and adjustment module, the the action execution units, the current detection circuit as well as the keyboard and other peripherals,www.12vgridtiepowerinverters.com. LPC2132 is a real-time simulation and tracking 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S core microcontroller, a 10-bit 8-channel A / D converter, two 32-bit timer / counter, 6-channel PWM unit output, two hardware I2C interface and 47 GPIO, 2 16C550 industry standard UART, and up to nine edge or level triggered external interrupt. 16kB on-chip static RAM and 64kB of on-chip Flash program memory to avoid the LPC2132 external expansion memory, simplifying the circuit to improve the operating speed. Leakage protection of the operating characteristics of automated test system block diagram shown in Figure 1.

　

Figure 1 leakage protection test system block diagram

 

1.1 test current and adjustment module

test current generating and regulating module shown in Figure 2. The current generation of the test is to output sinusoidal AC 0 ~ 12V, 50Hz, 220V sinusoidal AC 220:12 step-down transformers and electric regulator, and then produce the desired test current through the loop resistance,Grid tie inverter. Test current generation is divided into 3 files, to meet the different measurement ranges. Relay J1 pull, can produce a test current of 0 ~ 1000mA; relay J2 pull, 0 to 500mA test current; relay J1, J2 not pull, can produce 0 ~ 100mA test current. Each stall test current regulation by LPC2132 control electric voltage regulator implementation. In order to make the test current can be changed evenly, the electric voltage regulator using the AC servo control. In the testing process, LPC2132 comparison with the test current value and set value of the collected real-time circuit, and calculates the control amount, the control servo motor rotation, driven electric voltage regulator of the brush to slide stably in the sub edge, the secondary voltage changes, thus changing the current in the loop. LPC2132 P0.2-pin output pulse signal to control the speed of movement of the servo motor, the P0.3 as pin output high or low level signal, and control the direction of rotation of the servo motor.

　

 

 

Figure 2 test current and adjustment module

1.2 current detection circuit

current detecting circuit shown in Figure 3. After sampling the test current through the current transformer on the secondary side of the current transformer output signal after filtering, amplification, the voltage boosting circuit, is converted into a unipolar voltage signal (0 to 5V) can be collected by the A / D module fed into the LPC2132.

detection current size, according to the the test current cycle (frequency) in accordance with 40 points per cycle sampling, sampling a cycle, according to the attenuation of multiples of the current transformer and enhance the value of voltage through software algorithms calculated actual current rms. The circuit should satisfy the following conditions, when the instantaneous value of the AC current reaches a positive peak amplifier output 5V; When the instantaneous value of the AC current reaches the negative peak amplifier output 0V.

 

 

　

3 current detection circuit

1.3 A / D conversion, and control circuit

output signal VOUT

current detecting circuit fed LPC2132 built 8-channel 10-bit high-speed A / D converter input terminal, detects the size of the leakage current,power inverter.

A / D converter 10, when the input voltage is 5V, the output data value is 1024 (4FFH), the maximum resolution for 0.0049V (5V/1024). If you generate test current loop resistance of 12Ω, the resolution of the leakage current 0.4mA (0.0049V/12Ω) fully meet the testing needs. Start signal generated by the leakage current leakage protection and dynamic and static contact disconnect signal were sent to the LPC2132 the external interrupt input, using interrupted action leakage protection, static contact breaking time for testing. P0.5 and P0.6 foot control relay J1, J2 closed and breaking, choose three different measurement range test current. LPC2132 between the host computer using the serial communication system is a 3.3V system SP3232E RS-232 level converter to use. The SP3232E is the 3V power RS-232 converter chip. The A / D converter, and a control circuit is shown in Figure 4.

　

Figure 4 A / D conversion and a control circuit

 

 

- IGBT AC drive inverter design

energy into the process known as inverter from AC power and DC power from AC electrical energy into DC process called rectified DC into AC electricity. The inverter is a complete DC to AC energy conversion device. the AC motor
generally use the AC - DC - AC inverter power supply, grid AC into DC rectifier, filter,power inverter, then through the inverter DC into AC power, to Motor power supply. Therefore, the inverter is one of the key technical device. With the development of semiconductor devices, IGBT increasingly being applied to the AC drive technology. The AC drive constituted by the paper mainly analyzes IGBT form, including the main circuit structure of a main circuit of the inverter, the realization of the drive circuit and the snubber circuit protection. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

main circuit structure schematic
Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of a typical inverter. It consists of three parts: the inverter circuit, driver protection circuit, control and signal acquisition circuit.

inverter circuit is mainly responsible for the electrical energy into the upcoming DC input available for the motor load can be transformed into three-phase alternating current electrical energy to provide energy to the motor. Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram for the inverter circuit, the inverter circuit comprises six insulated-gate bipolar transistor T1 ~ T6 and freewheeling diode D1 ~ D6. T1 ~ T6 through shutdown input DC power by controlling the IGBT tube reverse into a rectangular wave of adjustable frequency AC output to a three-phase motor. Freewheeling diode D1 ~ D6 when T1 ~ T6 is turned off by the conduction reflux to the DC power supply is provided for the regenerative current when the motor braking channel release passage is provided for the electrical energy stored in the motor coil; ,Grid tie inverter.


2 protection the absorption circuit structure
due to the presence of distributed inductance circuit, combined with IGBT switching speed, and contrast when the IGBT is turned off and then the reverse recovery diode reverse-phase recovery, will generate a great surge voltage Ldi / dt thereby threaten IGBT security. Therefore, measures must be taken to suppress the surge voltage to protect the IGBT is not damaged. Retrofitting way to protect absorption circuit can be used to suppress the surge voltage. The schematic in Figure 3, the protection absorption circuit has a good effect of suppressing, having the advantages of a small loss occurred protection absorbent,www.12vgridtiepowerinverters.com.


2.1 protection circuit schematic analysis
to switch T1 off moment as a starting point for analysis of the absorption circuit works, the course of their work can be divided into: linearization commutation, busbar parasitic the inductance Lp resonance energy absorption capacitance Cs release point of three stages.
linearization commutation stage shutdown signal is received from the switch tube T1 start to the end of full-cutoff switch T1. Flow through the shunt the bus parasitic inductance Lp busbar current through T1 and snubber circuit branch.
switch T1 completely the commutation phase
online after deadline. At this time, the main circuit parasitic inductance Lp and absorption resonant capacitance Cs, Lp the stored energy is transferred to the Cs. When the voltage on the snubber capacitor reaches the maximum value, i.e. the resonance peak, the resonant current i is zero, absorption circuit diode D2 is turned off, the clamping voltage to prevent oscillation.
after the end of the second stage, the absorption overshoot energy discharge through the the absorption resistance R, the power supply and the load capacitance Cs. Approximate that during the discharge process, the load is a constant current source.

2.2 component parameters selected
a. snubber capacitor Cs select
the buffer capacitor Cs
buffer circuit capacitance value:


the
wherein L is the parasitic inductance of the main circuit, the collector current Io for the IGBT is turned off, VCEP eventually reaches a value in the voltage of the buffer capacitor, Ed is the DC supply voltage.
b. the value of the snubber resistor Rs
buffer resistor role in IGBI next before shutdown the buffer capacitor charge to release. IGBT next action before, in 90% of the storage charge discharge conditions, the snubber resistor value formula should satisfy the following formula:


where f is the switching frequency.
3 driver circuit structure
to ensure reliable IGBT operation, the drive circuit plays a vital role.
3.1 IGBT drive circuit requirements
basic requirements
IGBT drive circuit are mainly the following:
(1) the driver circuit must be extremely reliable, to ensure that the charge-discharge circuit to provide a low impedance for the IGBT gate capacitance;
(2) meet the switching characteristics and reactive the consumption allowed case, the gate resistance can be suitably increased, for limiting transient voltage drop spikes;
(3) driving circuit kHz level able to pass a high-frequency pulse signal; < br /> (4) IGBT Gate pole emitter voltage limit voltage drop is ± 20V. Usually selected forward drive voltage is +15 V, and the reverse drive voltage is-8V.
a drive circuit

          
3.2 M57959L
According to the design principle of the driving circuit, according to different requirements can be designed to various forms of driving circuit. The common driver circuit has a driving circuit of discrete components, and application specific integrated drive circuit. Relative to the drive circuit with discrete components, application specific integrated drive circuit anti-jamming capability, high degree of integration, speed, perfect protection function drive IGBT best.
M57959L hybrid integrated IGBT driver for Japan's Mitsubishi, the internal principle structure shown in Figure 4. It consists of a high-speed optical isolation input, high dielectric strength, compatible with TTL level. Short-circuit protection circuit built-in timing logic and the protection delay characteristics. Negative when the chip is powered by the positive and negative power to overcome the single power supply voltage instability shortcomings, drive power can to drive 200A/600V or 100A/1200V IGBT module. By M57959L a drive circuit shown in Figure 5.




Note gate resistor value should be used. The value of the gate resistor Rext can affect the oscillation suppressing effect, slowing the switch opening when the di / dt, and improve current undershoot waveform to reduce the surge voltage,power inverter. From the safety point of view, should Rext whichever is greater, but the larger the Rext impact switching speed, increasing the switching losses,Grid tie inverter; increase the operating frequency, should take the smaller value. Meet the switching frequency, whichever is greater Rext.
installation and layout of the main circuit
IGBT switching frequency is very fast while the high power IGBT constitute the other parts of the inverter will generate strong interference. These disturbances not only affect the normal working of the circuit, and even may cause the inverter instantaneous short circuit damage. Therefore, pay enough attention to respond to electromagnetic interference, and reasonable installation and layout to reduce electromagnetic interference.
common interference and corresponding measures are:
isolation powered suppression of
(1) IGBT switches interference due to the impact of distributed capacitance and coupling inductance of the power supply transformer, a strong spikes generated when one of the IGBT is turned on or off by the distributed capacitance (inductance) interfere with other the normal work of the IGBT. Accordingly, each of a trigger circuit of the full-bridge inverter must be isolated from the power supply to suppress such interference.
(2) due to the leakage inductance of the average operating current and instantaneous peak current of the inverter, inverter circuit, even a small lead inductance can not be ignored. If not carefully designed PCB layout flux PCB wires through the closed form current. To this end, the following measures can be taken to suppress interference:
a, an IGBT trigger circuit element should be concentrated in a narrow area, avoiding to cross each other;
b, the same phase of the trigger circuit should be adjacent, while the distance between the two groups should be relatively distant;
c, between the PCB and IGBT leads should be as short as possible and mutual stranded.
5 IGBT voltage and current parameters selected
the absorption circuit
in protection, When the the T1 turns, T2 deadline, T2 withstand voltage Uce2 is:
consider grid fluctuations of + / -10%, the T2 ripe voltage Uce2:
take into account the open circuit off instantaneous voltage and IGBT module withstand voltage of 50% to 80% margin should be left in their chosen the module voltage BVce should to:
consider the fluctuations in the grid, the startup current spikes the selected IGBT module Icm for:
wherein, Pn is the inverter output power. δ is the pulse duty ratio, η is the efficiency of the inverter.

6 Conclusion
the
This paper describes the IGBT drive a motor drive circuit, the buffer should pay attention to the problem of absorption composition and parameter selection as well as the main circuit installation and layout of the circuit with the main circuit of the inverter and IGBT parameter selection, the actual application in inverter design value.

Based on DSP born SVPWM inverter power utilization

This description of the one used in grid-connected PV systems, the use of three-phase voltage source PWM direct current master grid inverter design process,power inverter, and inverter control strategy were analyzed and seminars, and The Mitsubishi company smart power module IPM50RSA060 with the Texas Instruments (TI) company DSP chip TMS320LF2407 designed the prototype. The final test results show that the the appropriate inverter PWM moderate use of small and medium power PV grid system, and there is widespread use of vision. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

1 PV Grid
power generation system
grid-connected PV systems important by the solar panels (photovoltaic arrays),Grid tie inverter, and grid-connected inverter, filter reactor and DSP control circuit formation. The structure of the system as a whole is shown in Figure 1.
situation in the power generation, the direct current into grid-connected PV systems use solar panels to convert solar energy into DC energy, re-use grid-controlled current source characteristics of the inverter to control the operation of the inverter can be seen from Figure 1 exchange of electricity to feed the grid.

The transform
the energy of the whole system and the transfer process, the application of IPM module formed the grid inverters road to achieve grid inverter control is the main circuit of the PWM signal to drive through the DSP born.
2 grid inverter dominated principle
basis photovoltaic grid power generation system works shows, is the center of all the grid system install grid-connected inverter, grid inverter function resolution with the functioning of the entire system. For Figure l shown in grid-connected PV system design grid inverter to take a three-phase half-bridge inverter topology structure, its structure is shown in Figure 2.




grid satisfaction following equation for the AC side of the inverter output voltage and current signals

above model L on behalf of the exchange side inductance parameter, R is the parasitic resistance of the inductor, The the inductor equivalent impedance Hongyuan resistor R regulator design influence can neglect the system design process.
according to the three-phase voltage source PWM grid mathematical model of the inverter, known grid inverter to control the output current by controlling the three-phase voltage source inverter leg output voltage control the output current at the same time progress in the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter system generating capacity and adequate application in equivalent a light premise PV array can supply maximum power in the PV grid inverter unit control system, the introduction of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) skills.

shown in Figure 2 for the grid-connected inverter restraint structure. Figure 2 shows the grid inverter dominated structure of the outer ring power ring to take self-optimizing MPPT algorithm. Calculated by sampling the installation of the current inverter output voltage and current signals from the optimization algorithm of the output power of the current moment, and then figuring out a moment output power comparable to the swap has been based on the size of the output power grid inverter change the operating point, the ultimate make grid-connected inverter operating point along the curve of the maximum power of the PV array. Inverter MPPT algorithm figured out the PV array DC voltage loop command signal, the voltage loop error signal in this power point after PI regulator links output amplitude of the current loop instruction, the amplitude command and grid voltage synchronization signal phase multiplied by the current loop synchronous command signal, the output current of the system by the current error with the inner ring proportion regulator grasp the current loop gain resolution the systems output current is properly tracking the command signal, and decide whether photovoltaic grid system unity power factor to achieve maximum power to the grid.

Imitation sine wave the grid inverter defects and

not only do not understand so many AC inverter exactly what the different functions, or What are the disadvantages and advantages in different areas of use is that most of our technical staff also do not understand so many types of inverter , Why escalating until now to the requirements of the "pure sine wave" era, why can not meet the grid requirements by some people accused of the technology does not meet the technical specifications of the large-scale grid? Directly, most photovoltaic grid most of the supporting manufacturers inverter sine wave-shaped "glitch" too many problems, too much the cause of "glitches" and very profound practical significance in reality, even if the grid-connected inverter inverter efficiency reached 97%,Grid tie inverter, but the real contribution to the power grid and electrical equipment rate may reach 80%, this is what causes it? ,power inverter. Television screen that we often see on TV Jiangnan dragon-boat race in early May 5 http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

China Shipbuilding Industry photovoltaic inverter

 

recently developed by the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation seventh thirteen studies assume 500KW PV inverter , Electric Power Research Institute of China National Energy solar power research and development ( experimental ) passed the low voltage across the test , and obtain the corresponding test report. Testing and certification , this type of inverter in full compliance with the the national grid photovoltaic power plants connected to the grid technical requirements " Grid tie inverter, " photovoltaic power plants connected to the grid test procedures across the functional requirements of the low voltage of the photovoltaic power plant . http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

low voltage across the grid voltage drop occurs in the case of the photovoltaic inverter can be kept in certain conditions and the time range and network, to support the grid fault recovery power inverter, thereby "through" the time of this low - voltage , to avoid causing the grid the failure of the enlargement . Low voltage ride through technology to improve the security and stability of the grid system .

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Wisdom made ​​broad communication power supply

communication power is the use of the modern power electronics technology, using a power semiconductor device as a switch, and by controlling the switching transistor turn on and off the time ratio (duty ratio), adjusting the output voltage, to maintain a stable output of a power supply. Early as in the 1980s, computer power supply the full realization of the communication switch, the first to complete the computer power and updating communication switch into the 1990s has been widely used in a variety of electronic and electrical equipment, program-controlled switchboards, communications, power and control of power testing equipment device power being. After 30 years of development, China's communication switch industry has formed its own complete industrial chain. According to the China Power Supply Society statistics, over one thousand domestic product communication switch. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

communication electronic power supply main categories of products, due to its small and light weight, power density / high conversion efficiency, wide input voltage range, heat consumption is less and so many more advantages and benefits from the thin electronic products short of demand trends, the rapid development, the popularity rapidly replacing linear power in a variety of electronic products in the field. According to data collected by the China Power Supply Society, 2008 National Communication Switch (consists mainly of consumer communication switch, industrial communication switches, communications, power supply, PC power supply) output value reached 85.5 billion yuan, 93.1 billion yuan in 2009power inverter, an increase of 8.8%; in 2010 reached 102.7 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3%. Breakdown of communication switching applications, occupy the entire industry output share the industrial class communication switch, the output value of the industry-wide in 2010 accounted for 56%, the second largest consumer communication switch, accounted for 32%, communication communications to switch accounting for 6%, accounting for 3% of the PC communication switch.

energy saving communication switch to force home appliances "Chi" rigged
appliances intelligent of
, as today's home appliance industry green, energy saving other trends, it is along with energy saving technological transformation of the home appliance industry has targeted, tends to be more humane philosophy upgrade interpretations. The smart concept, only analog certain ability, enabling their own performance, self-improvement, to achieve a certain need of mankind, this is a real smart home appliances, communication switch industry to join, but also to the home appliance industry, "Chi" made to give more force.
With the continuous development of the technological level of the upstream components and key technologies, communication switching technology in the past 30 years has made rapid development. 1980s, the technical difficulties of late, the communication cost of the switch and the control circuit problems are overcome, it has quickly grown into the mainstream products in the power supply. Under the influence of the policy environment, energy saving, high efficiency, energy saving has become the development direction of power products, the power enterprise technology upgrade in terms of design, materialsGrid tie inverter, processes, etc., in the emerging field of intelligent digital TV, LED, IT applications will appear in the trend of steady growth and bring greater market space for China's telecommunications switching industry, and continue to maintain a rapid development.
from 2004-2010
according the internationally renowned investigation agency DATABEANS statistics, the annual global communications switch market sales has maintained an average of about 15% of the rate of growth, to about $ 12 billion in sales in 2010, including consumer electronics class power, the power of the field of communications and industrial power in the field of market share of the top three, the market size of $ 3.5 billion, $ 3.4 billion, $ 2.5 billion.

enhance service competitiveness to achieve efficient communication switch industry composite growth
communication power products model is very general businesses can not gain an advantage in each market segment, in addition to the power adapter and phone charger standardized products highly competitive lower margins, each enterprise has its main market segments, and actively explore new areas to be able to get a better profit margin. Communication switch industry to expand sales channels to participate in trade shows, mutual Recommended professional print media industry website promotion and customer quality customer resources is the most direct expression of the strength of enterprises. Strength of the large power enterprises basically started from OEM to ODM transformation of research and development to provide customers with one-stop service designed to processing, these corporate brand has a certain reputation in the industry, to get customers in product quality and research and development capabilities. recognized, and has the ability to have internal functional design and product design.
Power Institute of China and ICTresearch forecast that the Chinese power industry output in 2015 will reach 215.6 billion yuan, 187.5 billion yuan output value of China's telecommunications switch. In 2011-2015, the average annual compound growth of 13.39%. There will be more and more of the overall product manufacturers to outsource custom power business, excellent external professional team to undertake its business to focus on their core business, to reduce costs, improve efficiency and enhance core competitiveness of enterprises and external links resilience. In the trend, there will be more OEM / ODM manufacturers service as their own competitiveness.

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China's economic transition gradually from the ear

our economy from the early days of the planned economy gradually transition to a market economy , coupled with our country is a country with a large population , Food is bound to promote the vigorous development of China 's food industry , packaging machinery to improve the rate of food packaging is very key. The rate of food packaging in the United States, Japan and Europe were 90% , 80% and 70% , while China is only 5% , packaging machinery in the modern is great , the food machinery industry in China can be described as "money" way immeasurable . the founding of 60 years to

our people 's living standards and people's income has undergone earth-shaking changes now put forward higher requirements for the packaging of goods . Where there is a product where there is the packaging, can be said that the development of the packaging industry for the national economy as a whole structure plays an important role in the packaging alone Spark machinery, packaging machinery out widely , widely used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical , etc. various industries .

 

 

only from the point of view of food and other light industrial products Grid tie inverter, China 's total exports accounted for more than 1/3 are required to improve the packaging grades , which has brought many opportunities for the development of packaging machinery need a wide range of packaging machinery, food packaging and with the continuous improvement of people's living standards , people 's consumption patterns from subsistence to enjoy the type of transition , so the packaging machinery industry is a sunrise industry power inverter.

At present, China 's packaging machinery industry classification is as follows : filling machine , filling machine , sealing machine , wrapping machine , vacuum packaging machine , inflatable packaging machines , blister packaging machines , labeling machines , dry machine , bag making machine , coder ...

packaging machinery save manpower , labor , food companies should not be overlooked convenience , but also for the people brings a wide range of food packaging , to improve people's visual enjoy the taste . .. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

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China Shipbuilding Industry photovoltaic inverter

 

recently developed by the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation seventh thirteen studies assume 500KW PV inverter , Electric Power Research Institute of China National Energy solar power research and development ( experimental ) passed the low voltage across the test , and obtain the corresponding test report. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

 

Testing and certification , this type of inverter in full compliance with the the national grid photovoltaic power plants connected to the grid technical requirements " Grid tie inverter, " photovoltaic power plants connected to the grid test procedures across the functional requirements of the low voltage of the photovoltaic power plant .

low voltage across the grid voltage drop occurs in the case of the photovoltaic inverter can be kept in certain conditions and the time range and network, to support the grid fault recovery power inverter, thereby "through" the time of this low - voltage , to avoid causing the grid the failure of the enlargement . Low voltage ride through technology to improve the security and stability of the grid system .

This article is from the: http://www.12vgridtiepowerinverters.com/

ADMC331 digital inverter power supply design

1 Introduction
followed by information skills to carry out power inverter are becoming more widely used in communications, military, aviation, aerospace and other areas. Traditional power inverter multi imitate the moderation may imitate figures associated restraint system, its robustness, the complex structure, the cost is high and unlucky in product replacement. Modern power inverter being carried out toward the all-digital, intelligent and collection bias. Followed by high-function digital signal flags disposal (DSP) presentation had become capable of completion of the full digital power inverter. In this paper, the bedrock on the ADMC331 specific profiling introductions detailed use of the ADMC331 restraint at full digital power inverter. the
structural features of 2 ADMC331
ADMC331 imitate American Devices, Inc. (ADI) based on DSP motor skills temperance, internally integrated 26MIPS (million instructions per second), fixed-point digital the signal flags disposal kernel, also the internal embracing The complete motor moderation peripheral line, and then move to the user, to efficiently develop the motor sparingly invented the very favorable premise. ADMC331 the function block diagram shown in Figure 1Grid tie inverter, the primary characteristics are as follows:
● using 16-bit fixed-point ADSP-2171 kernel code with the ADSP-2100 digital signal flags dispose series is fully compatible; It has three self full function accounting units, namely: a 16-bit arithmetic / logic unit (ALU), a 32-bit multiplier-accumulator (MAC), and a 32-bit barrel shifter (SHIFTER); episodes with two self data address is (DAGs) and a strong sequential timing. And therefore can accelerate the implementation of the sequence because a system configuration of the device is a parallel construct.
● single-cycle instruction execution effort 38.5ns (external 13MHz crystal oscillator), to be completed: occurrence of the next order of address, fetch the next instruction to execute one or two data move operations to update one or two data address pointers perform an accounting operation function.  http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

● Built-2k × 24 bit sequence memory ROM, 2k x 24 bit order memory RAM and 1k × 16-bit data memory RAM.
● pulse width modulation (PWM) based on the midpoint of a three-phase 16 attack, high-precision PWM signal flags disposal minimum expenditure sensitive programming occurs.
● the channel frequency programmable with 2-channel 8-bit the assistant pulse width modulation (AUXPWM).
● seven Σ-Δ A / D conversion channel, the maximum resolution of 12 bits, the maximum sampling frequency of up to 32.5kHz.
● has 24 programmable digital input and output (PIO) port can be set to input or output alone, supporting the morphological changes in infix.
● to supply 2 double-buffered Synchronous Serial Port (SPORT0, SPORT1), to be completed by the communication between the serial communication and multi disposal.
● 16 with timely infix watchdog time is.
● order of internal memory ROM curing some of the applicable order, facilitating the order of the system design, and cut the order of the digital restraint system accounting effort.

3 Examples of use
ADMC331 composed of fully digital inverter power structure shown in Figure 2.
signal flags the 3.1 PWM constitute
the ordinary full digital power inverter is necessary for to 4 Road accurate PWM-time signal flags to drive IGBT inverter bridge, this also drive each power tube PWM signal flags necessary for a conduction delay, in order to avoid the upper and lower leg power switch is turned on breaking the system. Occurrence of the PWM signal flags is completed by the ADMC331 within PWM moderation is the ADMC331 the PWM attack units in sensitivity and programmability fully digital PWM method differences of approach to be contentpower inverter. Figure 3 is a function block diagram of the three-phase PWM restraint by ADMC331. The the
ADMC331 PWM unit is to establish the foundation of a three-phase time is self, by three to determine the cycle storage to moderation, each cycle storage restraint on the PWM output. The restraint required DSP sequence can be prepared in accordance with the requirements of the use of premises, as well as the needs of the PWM. Figure PWMPOL door gate drive circuit logic and structure to select the PWM output polarity of each channel PWM output signal flags that can be passed through the self-reliance so can be stored the device PWMSEG to resolution output enable or to stop. PWMTRIP circuit hardware maintenance when this pin is low, often, the entire system is reset without a premise for maintenance of the entire circuit. In addition to clock output the of signal flags CLKOUT and PWM synchronization signal flags PWMSYNC.

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The inverter enterprise gradually

inverter enterprises gradually gained international recognition
< / p > http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

reports can know , along with the change of the entire PV industry development trend , the development situation of the PV inverter market is also developing the dramatic changes in the reform .
in the next few years , and dare the international market or the development situation of China's domestic market , advanced new inverter manufacturers Sort significant changes . Forecasts of the experts also said that in 2014 when the manufacturer of the world 's top ten production and today's situation , there is a great difference , will produce more and more Chinese enterprises .
you topcoat enterprise recognized by the national market slowly
The experts said
authority , and forecast to 2016 , when the total number of goods produced by inverters worldwide will reach 60GW, the size of the market will reach $ 10 billion . The experts also said that originally led by manufacturers in order of position will change power inverter, the key is determined by the new market development .

and solar related parts of the comparison , the occupied domestic product of the number of inverters international market weight is still relatively small . The experts believe that the domestic production the inverter and international brand inverters produce quality difference is slowly smaller . From the overall situation in each power inverter segment stationary characteristics of the inverter , the domestic production of poor conversion efficiency has made significant improvement Grid tie inverter. Inverter downstream user survey concluded some authority , a growing number of Europe , the Americas , users began to identify with our manufacturing inverter .
However , the experts said , the market occupied by how much to expand the market , not only just the inverter product itself , but also need to rely on corporate branding and market investment efforts . Therefore, future domestic inverter industry in this regard , but also to strengthen .

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Yu Zhen speech the president on the revitalization

growth of state-owned economy to play a backbone and backbone role, and reflect the superiority of the socialist system
September, the president of the China Machinery Industry Federation, Comrade Yu Zhen speech in Shenyang Equipment Manufacturing Industry Development Strategy Seminar, to clarify how to revitalize the northeast old industrial base, speed up the reform of the machinery industry and development.
Yu Zhen president pointed out, Liaoning Province and Shenyang is the old industrial base of China's machinery industry, a lot of material, a set of technologies and equipment for the various sectors of the national economy for decades, China's machinery industry has trained a large number of business leaders , operation and management of cadres, engineers, technicians and skilled workers, led to the technological progress of China's machinery industry and product upgrading. The old industrial bases in northeast China occupies an important strategic position in China's economic development; made indelible contribution to the northeast of the working class for the growth and expansion of the new China. Northeast old industrial base of enterprises and workers to create brilliant results will be included in the glorious annals of China's socialist construction, is bound by the whole party, the National People will never forget.
in China's economic construction has entered a new stage of building a moderately prosperous society, how to speed up the adjustment of the old industrial bases and the pace of reform and revitalize the economy in the Northeast, which is not only an urgent requirement of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, the reform and development, and also become important strategic issue for China's economic and social development. To this end, the 16th CPC National Congress made it clear that the support of northeast China and other old industrial bases to speed up the adjustment and transformation, to support the city-based resource exploitation to develop alternative industries. This is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee and from the departure of the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an important economic and political significance.

after 20 years of reform and opening up, China's socialist market economic system has been initially established, comprehensive national strength significantly increased market concept, the sense of competition of enterprises and workers began to form, to speed up the revitalization of the old industrial base has become the cadres and the strong desire of the masses, for the revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China laid the ideological basis and mass basis. The concern of the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the national financial and policy support for the revitalization of old industrial bases in northeast direction, and lay a solid basis for the work. Coupled with the Liaoning Province and Shenyang in the northeast, where a good location advantage, it can be said now, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, the revitalization of old industrial bases in the conditions has been basically have, we want to combine local and actual implementation of the central decision-making and deployment, with the spirit of reform, the idea of reform, reform methods to solve problems hinder revitalization, creative work, the revitalization of old industrial bases in the great historical task is completed.
speed up the adjustment, reform and revitalization of the northeast old industrial base
, the most important is the thinking must further resolve to change their ideas, adhere to the deepening of reform and opening wider to the outside world to promote local economic development, reform and opening up, promote industrial restructuring, promote enterprise reform, reorganization and upgrading. According to the characteristics of Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, in deepening the reform, paying particular attention to institutional innovation and mechanism innovation, and completely abandon the residual idea of a planned economy, eliminate institutional obstacles for economic development and the adjustment and reform, and gradually explore the formation of a new need to adapt to the development of the productive forces economic growth mechanism.  http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

northeast old industrial base, a large proportion of state-owned enterprises, but also occupies a very important position. Therefore, we must continue to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, speed up the adjustment of the structure and layout of the state-owned economy. This is the main line and the basis for the revitalization of the old industrial base. Our leaders at all levels must be clearly aware of the state-owned enterprises are the backbone, and the backbone of China's equipment manufacturing industry, especially the major technology and equipment manufacturing; state-owned economy is the foundation of our party in governing and rejuvenating the economy is an important relationship to the survival and development of the country economic components, development and expansion of state-owned enterprises and state-owned economypower inverter, will directly reflect the superiority of the socialist system.
revitalize the old industrial bases in
, must adhere to the principle of self-reliance, and give full play to the large number of enterprises and the cadres and masses of enthusiasm, creativity, and play to their strengths, tap the internal potential to stimulate the inherent vitality. Localities and enterprises have to face the reality, based on the existing foundation, focused on accelerating scientific and technological progress and management innovation, give full play to the role of intelligence personnel, and vigorously promote the economic growth mode from extensive to intensive changes focus on existing resources integration and optimal allocation of reorganization, transformation of great efforts to continuously improve the efficiency in the use of factors of production, promote the continuous improvement of the economic efficiency of enterprises.
in the process of revitalizing the old industrial base in the hope that the local governments and enterprises can strengthen the outside world, as soon as possible to increase investment, joint venture and cooperation efforts. Greater opening to the outside world, and create a good environment for investment, entrepreneurship and development, to expand the development space of the old industrial base, the introduction of capital, the introduction of technology, the introduction of management, the introduction of talent, as soon as possible to improve the overall quality of the machinery industry in Liaoning Province and Shenyang level, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the old industrial bases in the domestic and foreign markets.

revitalization of old industrial bases is a long-term, arduous and complex systems engineering, provinces, municipalities, and Group Leaders at all levels must mention the important agenda of this work, and earnestly strengthen the organization and leadership of the revitalization of the work of to do a good job overall planning distinction priorities, focused, solid progress. Adjustment, reform and revitalization of the old industrial base, we must follow the rules of market economy, should concentrate their efforts to accelerate the technological transformation of key industries, key enterprises, focusing on brand-name productsGrid tie inverter; accelerate the development of the cause of science and technology education in Liaoning Province, Shenyang City; actively improve social security system and employment, re-employment work, providing an important guarantee for the revitalization of old industrial bases and basic conditions; ensure social stability in the reform and development at the same time, efforts to achieve economic and social comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.
China Machinery Industry Federation, China's machinery industry trade associations, will continue to pay close attention to and vigorously support the development of Liaoning Province, Shenyang and Shenyang Electrical and Mechanical Equipment Industry Group, give full play to the role as a link of industry associations, to provide two-way services for government and businesses in the information communication technology exchange, advisory services, scientific proof, international exchanges and cooperation, to accelerate the adjustment, reform and revitalization of the northeast old industrial base, and make our due contribution.

President Yu Zhen
believe that comrades of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City Shenyang Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Industrial Group, under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as general secretary, as long as Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the "Three Represents" guidance, comprehensively implement the spirit of the 16th CPC National Congress of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, innovation and hard work, common persistent efforts by all aspects of the old industrial bases in northeast China will be able to shine with new vigor and vitality of China's equipment must be able to The revitalization of the manufacturing sector and the socialist modernization drive to create new brilliance.
(China Machinery Industry Federation Research


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As the performance of these machines has

 

due to the performance of these machines has been greatly reduced, inevitably there are a variety of ills, and after-sales service of these machines is relatively less than perfect. Plus machines scattered, standardize the management of the second-hand excavator market has been a very troublesome problem facing the industry. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

January 14 this year, the Ministry of Commerce issued a "notice" legacy excavator imported message switching application materials, eight aspects of this policy on second-hand excavator engine exhaust emissions, the driver ear noise, etcpower inverter. made strictly regulate old excavator quality problems trying to source control, in order to protect the overall quality of imported second-hand excavator.

The author of

single control source, can not effectively solve all the ills of the two mobile phones. Circulation, service, repair, scrap can not be ignored.

 

Although prices have hit a discount, but the price of second-hand excavator is still quite high, the user at the time of purchase if you encounter problems, to withstand losses is still subject to a lot of these machines circulation and trading issues should also be fully attention. Must establish an effective security system, so that consumers' interests are protected.
sale stage in the new machineGrid tie inverter, these machines have enjoyed the after-sales and maintenance services, two phone trade again, unable to enjoy the same maintenance and after-sale protection can be obtained from the manufacturer when purchased with a new machine. The manufacturers can not this part of the machine is included in the routine maintenance and after-sale protection program. This responsibility is often unilateral falls on the dealer the shoulders. A reference to "the old excavator warranty period of not less than three months or 500 hours (whichever occurs first), the important parts (engines, pumps, motors, valves, hydraulic imported second-hand excavator acceptance cylinders and other hydraulic components) for 6 months or 1000 hours (whichever comes first). imported old excavator operators need to provide consumers with warranty include content have been or are about to enter two phone requires frequent maintenance stage, such a short time to repair is not enough. I believe that part of the OEMs in China has a wholly-owned or joint venture enterprises, these enterprises should assume corresponding responsibility to reach a corresponding agreement with the dealer to receive a portion of the cost of some products get better service.

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A high-voltage sine wave inverter power

 

the

1 Introduction
Currently, the ozone generator, sewage treatment, flue gas desulphurization, high power laser, plasma discharge technology, voltage inverter power supply is being more and more applications. The traditional high-voltage power inverter generally by a commercial frequency or the IF transformer directly boost or LC series resonant inevitably have large volume and low efficiency. Many occasions that require high-voltage power supply, better high frequency high voltage power supply effect is much higher than the power frequency, and high frequency power, small size, light weight, and the future development directionpower inverter. This article describes a dielectric barrier discharge generator dedicated supporting high voltage sine wave inverter. The dielectric barrier discharge generator from an insulating material and etched from both ends of the insulating material of the discharge electrode is composed of two parts, as shown in Figure 1. Added to the medium in the gap of the discharge electrode layer can effectively suppress the increase of the discharge current, and help in the medium at both ends to form a stable plasma layer. Its equivalent circuit can be approximated as a capacitor and resistor in parallel composition, this capacitive load power must be taken into account when designing the filter characteristics. In order to study the characteristics of the discharge means at different voltages and frequencies, and the necessary supporting the power supply output voltage and frequency fluctuation range. The purpose of this device, the power supply requirements are: to be able to reach 20kV output voltage, output current up to 1A, the frequency range is 5 to 20kHz pure sinusoidal waveform. The following describes the design features of the power supply.

(a) generator diagram (b) equivalent circuit
Figure 1 dielectric barrier discharge generator and its equivalent circuit diagram of
high voltage sine wave The high-voltage sine wave inverter schematic variable frequency inverter design
this design is shown in Figure 2. Input power phase 380V, after the three-phase bridge rectifier can be obtained about 540V DC voltage (the change of fluctuations) with the grid voltage. The DC voltage through the DC / DC converter to obtain an output amplitude of a variable DC voltage, and the change is designed to be in the range of 0 ~~ 500V. The transform ordinary Buck buck conversion circuit can be realized. Variable DC voltage square wave output full-bridge DC / AC inverter circuit. The square wave through LC filter can be obtained sine wave output. Filter inductor itself by the external inductor and transformer leakage inductance composition, filter capacitor constituted by the transformer stray capacitance and load capacitance. The low-voltage sine wave final high-voltage high-frequency transformer boost to get the required high voltage sine wave. Usually the inverter only by a transform of the DC / AC can simultaneously achieve the functions of the inverter and the transformer, but in this case the requirements on the output waveform, and the output frequency is high, good high frequency modulation, therefore, two-stage conversion, frequency conversion and transformer function.

Figure 2 high-voltage variable frequency inverter power supply schematic
DC / DC part SG3525 control to change the DC output by changing the duty cycle of the output voltage. The DC / AC part of the function is only the DC into AC, therefore, the part of the control chip is also used SG3525.pdf, and its duty cycle remains substantially unchanged during operation, only the frequency change within a set range. 80C196KC microprocessor in the entire circuit is mainly played the role of a man-machine interface. It is responsible for receiving control instructions and process parameters and status display. Keyboard and display interface circuit through the 8255 chip to achieve communication with the CPU. The parameter adjustments interfaces is mainly responsible for the 80C196KC output instructions sent to the SG3525 power control chip, to achieve the adjustment of the output voltage and frequency of power supply. All power switches IGBT, power tube drive dedicated the IGBT driver control chip M57959L within the chip with optical isolation and over-current protection circuit, it is more convenient to use. http://www.gridtieinverter.de/

3 circuit design several key issues
3.1 high-voltage high-frequency transformer design
ordinary switching power supply input and output are low pressure, most of the input and output in less than a few hundred volts, so , not very different sides of the original design of the ordinary high-frequency transformerGrid tie inverter, the better deal. High-voltage high-frequency transformer design more difficult, it has two features:
1) insulation problems hard to deal with, the smaller the size, the higher the insulating material requirements;
2) secondary turns far higher than the original edge turns, resulting in high-voltage high-frequency transformer secondary side distribution parameters of the circuit, especially in the high-frequency case, the secondary of the transformer leakage inductance and stray capacitance will greatly affect the energy transmission process.
Therefore, the analysis of this transformer is also different from the ordinary high-frequency transformer. The equivalent circuit diagram of the high-voltage transformer shown in Figure 3. Wherein the transformation ratio is 1: N of the transformer is not consider the distribution parameter of the ideal transformer. Lp, Ls is the the original secondary side leakage inductance, Rp, Rs is the equivalent resistance of the original secondary windings, Cp, Cs is the stray capacitance of the sides of the original.

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